Loom.



P. OTT.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED 00129, 1907.

Patented 0011.4,1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTORI F/fEDfifi/Clr 077; A? w FREDERICK OTT, OF SOUTH BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA.

LOOIVI.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, F REDERIOK O'r'r, of South Bethlehem, in the county of Northampton and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to looms for cross weaving, and may be used, for example, on broad looms for the production of intermediate selvages, or for the production of fancy patterns by cross weaving.

Cross weaving has heretofore been ordinarily practiced by the use of what is known as a doup heddle. This consists of a series of eyes attached to a half heddle so that they rise and fall in unison. The so-called binder threads are passed through these eyes or doups in pairs, and are alternately placed under tension by special tension devices, by the cooperation of which with the ordinary heddles through which these binder threads run, the doup is caused to rise alternately on one or the other side of one or more warps so as to produce a cross weave. According to my present invention, I substitute for the ordinary doup heddle a series of eyes each with its depending rod or plate quite independent of each other, so that the entire weight of the eye plate, as I will call it in this specification, is borne by the binder threads passing through its eyes. By the employment of these eye plates, each imparting independent tension to a pair of binder threads, I find that I am able to accomplish cross weaving without the use of any independent tension devices, such as have heretofore been employed to alternately take up slack in one or the other of two binder threads which pass through a single doup.

According to my invention I feed the binder threads from a point well below and well behind the harness mechanism, and the eye plates. In this way I accomplish two things, there is suflicient elasticity in the long binder threads to compensate for the pull alternately put upon them by the raising of the heddles; and the angle at which they are fed is such that the up and down movement of the harness heddles alone, without the use of any tightening rods or weights or other tension devices, places suflicient additional tension upon the elevated binder thread to cause it to lift its inde- Speeification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 29, 1907.

Patented Oct. 4, 1910.

Serial No. 399,665.

pendent eye plate and therefore the slack companion thread with it. This cannot be done where a doup heddle is used; but where eye plates or similar devices imparting their own individual tension to each pair of binder threads are employed I am able to thus dispense with a large number of auxiliary devices which have heretofore been considered necessary in looms used for cross weaving. This is because where an ordinary doup heddle is used, the weight of the heddle is mainly borne on the thread or threads passing through the doups, which are most taut. This renders the tension on the binding threads during the crossing operation so irregular as to compel the employment of additional positively actuated tension devices, in order to effect the proper motion of the doup heddle, and the proper crossing of the threads.

In the accompanying drawings Figure I is a diagrammatic side elevation of a loom showing the binder threads in the rear of the ground threads, as viewed in the drawing. Fig. II is a similar View showing the binder threads in front of the ground threads. Fig. III is an enlarged view showing the reeds in section and the fabric greatly enlarged to make the weave clear. Fig. IV is a detail view of an eye plate.

Referring to Figs. I and II the ground threads 1 and 2 are fed from the warp beam 3 in a substantially horizontal direction so that they may be moved relatively to one another by the heddles 5 and 6 respectively to form a shed for the shuttle in a well known manner. The binder threads 10 and 11 are fed from the beam 12 and pass under a guide 13 and through the heddles 14 and 15 respectively. Both binder threads then pass through the eye plate 16 which is supported by said threads and may be provided with two holes 17 and 18 through which said threads pass. If desired, both binder threads may pass through the same hole. It will be seen by reference to Fig. I, that the binder thread 11, passes from the guide 18, through the heddle 15, (which is now in its lower position), to the eye plate 16, in a more nearly straight line, than the binder thread 10, which passes under said guide 18, through the heddle 14:, (which is in its upper posi tion) to the eye plate 16. The guide 13 may be adjustably mounted to vary the position taken by the threads passing under it. Accordingly the binder thread 10 will be drawn more tightly than the binder thread 11 and will draw the eye plate 16 so that it will be at the rear of the ground threads 1 and 2.

By reference to Fig. II it will be seen that heddle 15 has been raised, thus placing the binder thread 11 under greater tension, and the heddle 14 has been lowered to reduce the tension on binder thread 10. The eye plate 16 will therefore be drawn by the binder thread 11 so that it will be at the front of the ground threads 1 and 2.

In Fig. III is shown one design of fancy weaving. In this design I have shown two warp or ground threads, each composed of two threads, passing through the same dent in the reeds, and cooperating with two binder threads also passing through the same dent. The positions of the various threads I as described in connect-ion with Fig. I may be seen by reference to the upper end of the left hand side of Fig. III above the reeds 20. The positions of the various threads as described in connectionwith Fig. II, may be seen by reference to the upper end of the right hand side of Fig. III above the reeds 20. As the shed is formed in Fig. I the filling thread 30 will be passed under ground thread 1 and binder threads 10 and 11, and over ground thread 2. As formed in Fig. II, said filling thread 30 will be passed over ground thread 1, and under binder threads 10 and 11 and ground thread 2.

By reference to the central portion of Fig. III it will be seen that a binder or crossing thread weave as well as a ground weave may be produced. Thus, by moving the binder heddles which control the binder threads 42 and 43 so that said threads may lie parallel, they will be of the same tension and will remain upon the same side of the ground threads 40 and 41 that they'were when last crossed. Take for example the position of the various threads at the location of filling thread 50. It will be seen that the filling thread passes under the binder threads 42 and 43, over the double warp or ground thread 40 and under the ground thread 41. At the next pick of the loom the heddle controlling the binder thread 42 is lowered until both binder threads lie substantially parallel on the lower side of the shed, the ground thread 40 is raised by its heddle to form the upper side of the shed, and the ground thread 41 is depressed by its heddle. Thus the filling thread 51 passes over the binder threads 42 and 43 and ground thread 41, and under the ground thread 40. At the next pick of the loom the heddle controlling the binder thread 42 is raised and this acts to draw up the binder thread 43 owing to its confinement in the eye plate 60, the ground thread 41 is raised by its heddle, and the ground thread 40 is depressed by its heddle in the formation of the shed. Thus the filling thread 52 passes under the binders 42 and 43, over the ground thread 40, and under the ground thread 41. The operation with respect to binder threads 44, 45 and ground threads 46, 47 is similar to that just described above, and it will be readily understood that the design may be varied by suitable pattern mechanism for controlling the various heddles. The weave shown at the right and left hand sides of Fig. III forms a center selvage, and by its employment a series of ribbons, each bordered on its edges by such a selvage, may be woven at one time on a loom and then cut apart on a line between the contiguous selvage weaves of adjacent ribbons.

Having thus described my invention, I

claim:

1. In a loom for cross weaving in combination with warp threads, binder threads, and their harness heddles; a series of mutually independent eye plates, with a pair of binder threads passing through each eye plate, which thereby subjects said paired threads to the tension of its weight; and means for feeding the binder threads well to the rear of the harness heddles and in angular relation thereto, the combined result being that the motion of the heddles in combination with the tension of the eye plates, but without the employment of auxiliary tension devices, imparts alternate crossing to said binder threads.

2. In a loom for cross weaving in combination with warp threads, binder threads and their harness heddles; a series of mutually independent eye plates each threaded by a pair of binder threads and each having a depending portion which operates both to impart definiteand separate tension to the pair of binder threads and to maintain the proper alinement of said threads in relation to all the warps.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name, at South Bethlehem this, 26th day of October 1907.

FREDERICK OTT. lVitnesses MERRITT B. HARTZ, J. T. I-Lxnrzoe. 

